{"id":2371829,"date":"2016-10-13T16:39:50","date_gmt":"2016-10-13T21:39:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clearwaterpress.com\/oneyearnovel\/?p=2371829"},"modified":"2023-01-06T22:14:24","modified_gmt":"2023-01-07T04:14:24","slug":"research-historical-fiction-meet-challenge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/clearwaterpress.com\/oneyearnovel\/blog\/research-historical-fiction-meet-challenge\/","title":{"rendered":"Research for Historical Fiction \u2013 How to Meet the Challenge"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"oyan-blog-historian-02-pinterest\"<\/a><\/strong>You may like to read part one, “A Secret to Historical Fiction that Won’t Make Historians Cry,”<\/a> first.<\/em><\/p>\n

By Rachel Garner, Staff Writer<\/strong><\/p>\n

So, last week I talked about the way historians think and how thinking like they do can\u00a0help your historical fiction. This week I want to address what I called Plea for Help One:<\/p>\n

I\u2019m writing historical fiction. How do I research??<\/em><\/p>\n

This is the question I find hardest to answer. It would be easy for me to recommend\u00a0specific sources from my field of study that would be helpful if you happen to write in the\u00a0same time period I do. But alas. Instead, I\u2019m going to give you some general guidelines\u00a0to follow when researching your period. Here\u2019s where (and where not) to start.<\/strong><\/p>\n

THE INTERNET<\/h3>\n

Do not, I beg of you, start by Googling \u201cdaily life in [time period].\u201d You will pull up lots of\u00a0sites, and they very well could be right about some things, but chances are that they are\u00a0not accurate and are, at the very least, highly generalized. Remember last week\u2019s post?\u00a0We need specifics.<\/strong> We don\u2019t want a website that\u2019s trying to be the non-existent historian\u00a0who specializes in all of Europe from 500 to 1500 AD. Especially since this kind of\u00a0\u201chistorian\u201d rarely cites sources.<\/p>\n

But, it is worth noting that true information was (ironically) part of the plan with the\u00a0creation of the Internet; and there are some ways in which the Internet is useful.<\/p>\n

Wikipedia<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

When I started college four years ago, Wikipedia was in the absolutely not, no, never<\/em>\u00a0category. But the truth is\u2014and some professors have begun to admit this\u2014that while\u00a0Wikipedia isn\u2019t a source you should cite, it can frequently be a good place to begin\u00a0groundwork<\/strong>. I like to use it to remind myself of broad political and religious\u00a0situations\u2014who was the king of where and what were they doing, more or less. As I\u00a0mentioned last week, my stories are about \u201csmall\u201d people so it\u2019s not necessary for me to\u00a0have fussy specifics about King John, for example. If I DO want them, I would definitely\u00a0move to books.<\/p>\n

You can also click on the tab at the top of the page to move to the \u201ctalk\u201d section of the\u00a0article. You\u2019ll be able to see the \u201crating\u201d of the article and any arguments between\u00a0editors, which will give you a more thorough idea of how trustworthy the article is\u00a0considered to be. As it turns out, the article on King John was a featured article\u2014top of\u00a0the Wikipedia class.<\/p>\n

I also recommend scrolling to the bottom to see the author\u2019s sources<\/strong>. Some of these\u00a0sources will be better than others, but it may give you an idea of where to go next\u00a0(several of the sources for the King John article are actually things I\u2019ve had to read in\u00a0college!).<\/p>\n

University library databases<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

I\u2019m going to mention this again later, but you might try looking up academic databases<\/strong>,\u00a0especially those linked by universities, such as JSTOR. The problem here is that you\u00a0may hit either a paywall or a request to sign in via a university ID.<\/p>\n

Museum websites and databases<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

This is a different angle, but if you want to get an idea of material culture (what people\u00a0left behind), which you probably should, some museums are uploading digital versions\u00a0of their collections<\/strong>. One example is the British Museum<\/a>, a massive museum in London.\u00a0The Metropolitan Museum of Art<\/a>, in New York, and the Smithsonian<\/a> also have online\u00a0records and pictures (these latter two I discovered by Googling \u201cmuseums with online\u00a0collections,\u201d demonstrating that there is a productive way to use Google searches.\u00a0Unsurprisingly, it requires being specific).<\/p>\n

The amount of available information in these digital archives varies, but you can at least\u00a0be certain that whatever information they have is informed<\/strong>\u2014because unlike your\u00a0average Internet user, museum people are professionals and care about that kind of\u00a0thing.<\/p>\n

Museum objects vary from the mundane (piles and piles of Roman coins\u2014but your\u00a0characters will likely use coins!) to the stunning (Anglo-Saxon metalwork is something\u00a0else).<\/p>\n

BOOKS<\/h3>\n

My personal favorite. You can always trust books, right?<\/p>\n

Well, not exactly.<\/em><\/p>\n

In the history discipline, newer research tends to be preferred<\/strong>. There are downsides to\u00a0this, but usually a book released in 2007 will have more up-to-date and accurate\u00a0information than one released in 1942. I know this is especially true of medieval history,\u00a0which has gone through several waves in kinds of scholarship.<\/p>\n

There\u2019s a whole list of historiographical (the history of history) reasons for this that we\u00a0don\u2019t have time for\u2014but be aware of it in your book hunting. The Victorian historians\u00a0especially wreaked havoc on our understanding of the Middle Ages. It is worth noting\u00a0that today\u2019s biases may be doing some disservice to the history as well, but it\u2019s going to\u00a0be hard to know what\u2019s nonsense and what\u2019s legitimate until about fifty\u00a0years from now!<\/p>\n

In addition, there\u2019s a difference between writing \u201cpopular history\u201d and \u201cacademic\u00a0history.\u201d<\/strong> Popular history aims at a general public and can be very engaging to read but it\u00a0can be written by less well-versed historians or even very good historians who are\u00a0nonetheless stretching beyond what they know best to make things coherent (someone\u00a0who specializes in the 11th century may be covering the 9th through the 13th , for\u00a0example). Most of the time good popular history (well-sourced and newer) is going to do\u00a0the job just fine for someone writing historical fiction.<\/strong> A perk of popular fiction is that it is\u00a0likely to focus on \u201creal life\u201d of \u201cnormal people\u201d which is probably what you\u2019re most\u00a0interested in. My main suggestion would to be look up reviews on a book<\/strong> and see what\u00a0the snooty people (my brethren) are saying about its accuracy.<\/p>\n

Public libraries<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

With those caveats out of the way, where do you start? I actually agree with a common\u00a0recommendation: head to the children\u2019s section of a public library<\/strong>. It can give you an\u00a0overview and generally focuses on the things most interesting to creative writers. The\u00a0main problem is again going to be generalized information\u2014kid\u2019s books tend to be\u00a0about \u201cthe Middle Ages\u201d not \u201c11th century France.\u201d<\/p>\n

University libraries<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Once you\u2019re ready to go deeper, if there is a public university anywhere near you, I\u00a0highly recommend visiting. Most public universities are perfectly okay with visitors. You\u00a0probably will not be able to check out books, but you can look at them. And depending\u00a0on where you live, there may be a way to pay for a library card.<\/p>\n

Also, while on campus you may be able to get access to online journal collections like\u00a0JSTOR<\/strong>. You may also be able to use inter-library loan systems at your public library to\u00a0get university library books (I did this as a high schooler).<\/p>\n

The great thing about academic library history books is that they can be written about\u00a0really specific things<\/strong>. You can read whole books on what people ate in the Anglo-Saxon\u00a0period. Historians are weird like that.<\/p>\n

One very important thing to note is that there\u2019s probably not going to be a single\u00a0\u201csection\u201d of the library where all relevant information to your interest is located<\/strong>. You\u2019re\u00a0going to want to use the online search system and write down call numbers. Yes, there\u00a0will be a section that\u2019s just \u201cmedieval England,\u201d but it\u2019s going to be mostly political\u00a0things. You\u2019ll have to go to other parts of the library to find things on clothes or food or\u00a0law.<\/p>\n

Bibliographies and indexes<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

If you find a great book full of the kind of information you want, check the bibliography<\/strong>.\u00a0Bibliographies, footnotes, and indexes are how historians talk to teach other.<\/strong> They can\u00a0be goldmines of information. Sometimes even children\u2019s books have these.<\/p>\n

Similarly, indexes in gigantic, scholarly works will help you get to the specific points you\u00a0need. Even as a history major, I don\u2019t always read books in their entirety; I focus on the\u00a0most relevant and helpful chapters. If you pick up a gigantic book that covers your\u00a0period (cough England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings<\/em> cough) and really just\u00a0want to know something specific, check the table of contents first and the index second.<\/p>\n

Other historical fiction<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

I leave this for last because I\u2019m hesitant to include it. It is possible to take cues from\u00a0other historical fiction written in your time period. In many ways, that\u2019s how I started\u00a0off\u2014I\u2019d read a bunch of Robin Hood novels, so I figured I had a decent grasp and\u00a0jumped in. But you should never consider an aspect of any kind of history fact if the only\u00a0place you can find it is in another fiction book.<\/strong> If it\u2019s extremely relevant to your own\u00a0story, do your own research.<\/p>\n

PEOPLE<\/h3>\n

At the end of these two blog posts, you may be thinking: Good heavens I am never\u00a0asking her anything, she will judge me so hard.<\/em> Please don\u2019t! If you happen to know a\u00a0historian who specializes in the period you want to write in, or at least somewhere close,\u00a0please ask them.<\/strong> If you\u2019re doing what I suggested in the first post\u2014dumping your\u00a0clich\u00e9s and being specific\u2014it\u2019s very unlikely that they\u2019re going to shut you down. They\u00a0may be delighted. Historians love history, which usually means they like talking about it.\u00a0Go figure.<\/p>\n

The main thing we historians can offer is a narrowed search.<\/p>\n

A lot of the time what historians know is not the exact facts\u2014but exactly where to find\u00a0them<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

BONUS TIP<\/h3>\n

Take notes! Even if you don\u2019t end up using everything you learn in your novels, you\u2019re\u00a0probably still going to be hitting yourself in the head if you think you remember a fact but\u00a0can\u2019t remember where it was from or how reputable the source was. Get a notebook\u00a0and keep track\u2014future you will thank you for it.<\/strong><\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Now that you\u2019re armed with an arsenal of advice and the weight of dozens of historians\u2019\u00a0opinions, I can imagine your next response, if it hasn\u2019t occurred to you already: But I\u00a0write fiction. How does my artistic dream interact with history? How do I respect my\u00a0story and also respect history?<\/em><\/p>\n

That\u2019s where we\u2019re going next.<\/p>\n

…<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>About Rachel<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rachel was one of the seven students\u2014or self-labeled \u201cguinea pigs\u201d\u2014who took part in the pilot class for The One Year Adventure Novel<\/em>. Known as \u201cNairam\u201d in the extended OYAN community, Rachel is an example of dedication to her craft and a gifted editor. She is also a kind and forthright writing mentor to students at every level of the program, and a Story Coach<\/a>. A homeschool graduate, she is now in college studying history. When not hiding out in the medieval England section of her school library, she edits her Robin Hood retelling and pretends that ten years is definitely not too long to spend on a single writing project.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Rachel Garner, Staff Writer<\/strong>
\nThis week I want to address what I called Plea for Help One: I\u2019m writing historical fiction. How do I research? I\u2019m going to give you some general guidelines to follow when researching your time period. 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